Native Gardens

'Creating' Native Gardens

But curiously, it is often the native plant gardener who has to defend the planting of a native garden rather than planting an exotic garden.

Australians since 1788, have had difficulty coming to terms in living in and with the varying Australian native ecosystems.

The notion of there being beauty in the diversity of Australian landscape that is worth emulating in the personal landscape has not since colonisation permeated the europhilic mind of many Australian and this is reflected in many gardens. Gardens are themselves symbolic vestiages of the post colonial and migrant mind.

Australia has a diversity of ecosystems and a diversity of plants adapted to those ecosystems - as do all the plants of the world . Hence, all gardeners should select, plant and garden those plants (native or exotic) that are best adapted to their garden.

The Australian Native Gardens are of two basic types.:

Those gardens that are developed from Australian native plants from commercially developed plants (eg nurseries) and those plants that have been developed from Australian Native Plants grown with2n a local area.

The Australian Native Plant Society (ACT) defines 'local' as with2n 50km of the Australian Capital Territory. Some gardeners with2n the second group, restrict their plantings to native plants with2n the more immediate area.

Our garden has its origins in the first group, but as our horticultural knowledge, skills and beliefs have developed we have sought to add to our planting, those endemic plants to our garden that surround us on our untouched block of land.

Horticultural mass media shows, wholesale and retail nurseries, professional training etc with2n Australia mainly focus on the propagation, planting and care of exotic plants These plants are also the principal source of irrigation, fertilisers, pesticides, herbicides and weeds.

Without doubt, the history of of Australian native gardens is littered with failure and consequently many gardeners are reluctant to grow Australian native plants. Some of the reasons for th2s failure can be found by wandering through most wholesale nurseries. Many of the native plants that are on sale are often propagated in warmer coastal areas with higher rainfalls. Too few workers in the horticultural industry are knowledgeable or skilled in the garden suitability of native plants and many horticultural workers are ignorant of the market, climate and soils into which they sell their their plants. Gardeners justifiably, have little tolerance for failure and often form the general view that native plants in general are too hard to grow. Many plants grown out of their 'natural' ecosystem will bring growing challenges. Some may become weeds

Most native plant species and varieties are easily propagated by seed, cuttings or division for personal use. Some plants are the growers' intellectual property and may still have Plant Breeders Rights (PBR) restrictions and can be propagated but must not be sold commercially without the plant breeders permission or payment of a royalty and/or use of the label and/or trademark - where growers' intellectual property applies.

Garden Plant List 1984-2012

Plants are listed by family, genus, species and where possible by variety (var) or subspecies (ssp).

Simple notes are given of plant or purchase source (eg nursery) and method used to propagate propagate the plants.

*ANPS = Australia Native Plant Society growers of which we are but one of about eight.

Climbers

Bignoniaceae

Pandorea - Wonga Wonga Vine (propagation seed but easier by cuttings) Clematis aristida.jpg

       jasminoides - nursery
       jasminoides 'Lady Di' - commercial nursery , cuttings
       jasminoides ‘Bower of Beauty’ - commercial nursery
       jasminoides 'Pink Magic'- commercial nursery
       pandorana 'Snow Bells'- commercial nursery
       pandorana 'Golden Showers' - commercial nursery and cuttings.
       pandorana alba - commercial nursery
       pandorana 'Ruby Belle’' - commercial nursery

Ranunculaceae

Clematis

aristata - commercial nursery . Old Man's Beard

gentianoidies - Tasmanian seed

Lilies

Anthericaceae

Thysanotus (propagation by division)
multiflorus - WA plant from commercial nursery. Fringe Liliesy

>Amaranthaceae

Pilotus
exaltatus 'Joey' - commercial nursery. Tall Mulla Mulla or Showy Foxtail

Asteraceae (propagation by seed and cuttings)

Brachyscome 'Hot Candy' - commercial nursery.

    Craspedia
       variabilis - local seed. Billy Buttons, Woolly Heads

   Chrsochephalum (propagation seed but easier by cuttings)
       apiculatum (Grey, green, prostrate, erect forms), local cuttings and self seeding. Common Everlasting, Yellow Buttons

   Cymbonotus
       lawsonianus - seed from local plants. Bears-ear

   Luecochrysum
       albicans - seed from local plants, wh2te, yellow and var tricolour. Hoary Sunrays

   Olearia
       teretifolia - *ANPS plant sale. Cypress Daisy Bush
       tenuifolia -*ANPS plant sale. Th2n Leaf Daisy Bush
       glandulosa - local seed and cuttings. Swamp Daisy Bush

Rutidosis
       leptorhynchoides - local seed. Button Wrinklewort

Xerochrysum
        bracteatum - *ANPS plant sale. Golden Everlasting
       viscosum - seed from local plants. Sticky Everlasting
       bracteatum ‘Lemon Heads’ - seed from local plants

Asphodelaceae

Bulbine

bulbosa - seed from local plants Native Leek, Bulbine Lily, Golden Lily, Native Onion.

glauca - nursery, local seed and self seeding. Bulbine Lily, Rock Lily

>Aizoaceae

Carpobrotus (propagation by cuttings)

glaucescens - must be a purple/pink flower if yellow it is an exotic. Pig face
rossii - commercial nursery. Pig face

>Boraginaceae

Cynoglossum
australe R.Br - nursery and local seed. Can become a weed of cultivated and agricultural areas. Australian Hound's Tongue

>Campanulaceae

Wahlenbergia (propagation from seed and root cuttings)
stricta 'BlueMist' - nursery.

Casuarinaceae (seed)

   Allocasuarina
       nana - seed from local plants. Dwarf She-oak
       verticillata - ANPS plant sale. Drooping She-oak

   Casaurina
       glauca? - Swamp Oak, Guman
       cunninghamiana - seed from local plants. River Oak, River Sheoak

Chenopodiaceae (propagation by seed and cuttings)

   Einadia
       nutans - seed from local plants - readily self seeds. Climbing Saltbush
       hastata - seed from local plants. Berry Saltbush, Saloop
   Rhagodia
       spinescens - from cuttings. Spiny Saltbush, Berry Saltbush

Convolvulaceae

Dichondra
repens - Kidney Weed, Yilibili (D'harawal)

Cunoniaceae (propagation by cuttings)

Ceratopetalum
gummiferum - from cuttings, 2 Bonsaied plants. NSW Christmas Bush

Cupressaceae (propagation mostly by seed, cuttings difficult)

Callitris
endlicherii - seed from local plants from the Ridgeway, Queanbeyan. Black Cypress Pines

Dilleniaceae

   h2bbertia (propagation by cuttings)
       crinita - *ANPS plant sale, cuttings. Hoary Guinea Flower
       diffusa - commecial nursery. Wedge Guinea Flower

>Fabaceae

   Acacia   (propagation largely by seed)
       covenyii - commecial nursery. Blue Bush
       dorotoxylon - seed from local plants . Currawang, Lancewood, Spearwood
        genistifolia - seed from local plants.

        leprosa - commecial nursery. Cinnamon Wattle
       pycnantha - seed from local plants. Golden Wattle
       rubida - seed from local plants. Red Stemmed Wattle

Kennedia (propagation by seed and cuttings)
rubicunda - commecial nursery, climber/scrambler, readily self seed. Dusky Coral Pea

       prostrata - seed from Tasmania. Species local to eastern area. Running Postman

    Pultenaea (propagation by seed and cuttings?)
       microphylla - seed from local plants
       procumbens - seed from local plants. Heathy Bush-pea
       villosa - *ANPS plant sale. Hairy Bush-pea.

    Hardenbergia(propagation by seed and cuttings)
       violacea - local seed. Purple Coral Pea, False Sarsparilla, Waraburra

    Jacksonia

scoparia - *ANPS plant sale. Dogwood

    Indigofera (propagation by seed)
        australis - local seed. Australian Indigo, Duwabili (D'harawal)

   Senna (propagation by seed)
       aciphylla - *ANPS plant sale. Sprawling Cassia

artemisioides - *ANPS plant sale. Silver Cassia

Geranaceae (propagation by seed and root cuttings)

   Pelargonium
       australe - nursery, local seed. Native Storksbill, Wild Geranium
       rodneyanum - nursery. Magenta Storksbill

Goodeniaceae (propagation by cuttings)

   Scaevola
       ? aemula - *ANPS plant sale, cuttings. Fairy fanflower, Fairy Fan Flower
   Lechenaultia
       biloba 'Big Blue' potted plants and cuttings from - *ANPS plant sale, cuttings. Blue Lechenaultia

>Haemodoraceae (propagation by seed and division)

Anigozanthos
flavidus - nursery. Tall Kangaroo Paw; Evergreen Kangaroo Paw

Iridaceae (propagation by seed and division)

   Orthrosanthus
       multiflorus - nursery
   Patersonia
       occidentalis - nursery

>Lamiaceae (propagation by cuttings)

   Prostanthera
       ovalifolia. - *ANPS plant sale, cuttings. Oval-leaved mint bush
       ovalifolia variegata - *ANPS plant sale, cuttings. Variegated Oval-leaved mint bush
       lasianthos - *ANPS plant sale, cuttings. Victorian Christmas Bush
       'Poorinda Ballerina -nursery, cuttings
       rotundifolia - cuttings. Round-leaved Mintbush
       phylicofolia - *ANPS plant sale, cuttings. Spiked Mintbush

   Westringia
       glabra - cuttings
       longifolia (wh2te, mauve) - cuttings. Long-leaved Westringia
       fruticosa - commercial nursery , cuttings. Coastal Rosemary
       brevifolia var raleigh2i variegata - commercial nursery . Westringia Sea Mist

Ajuga
australis. Austral Bugle - local seed.

>Laxmanniaceae

Arthropodium
milleflorum - local seed. Pale Vanilla-lily. Sometimes by tubers

>Lomandraceae

   Lomandra
       longifolia - local, divisions. Spiny-headed Mat-rush, Honey Reed
       multiflora - local. Many-flowered Mat-rush
        confertifolia ssp. rubiginosa ‘Sea Scape’

>Malvaceae (propagation by cuttings)

Alyogyne
huegelii - *ANPS plant sale. Native h2biscus

Myrtaceae

   Eucalyptus
       sideroxylon var rosea - Kambah Village shopping area seed. Mugga, Iron bark
       stellulata 'Little Star - nursery
       polyanthemos - local seed. Red Box,

Callothamnus    Net Bushes (propagation by cuttings)
       quadrifidus - nursery
       villosus - Weston CIT seed

    Kunzea
       ambigua -*ANPS plant sale. Tick Bush
       parvifolia - *ANPS plant sale. Violet Kunzea
       ericoidies - local seed. Burgan

    Leptospermum (propagation by cuttings)
       L. polygalifolium X L. continentale. 'Pink Cascade'
       L. "Pacific Beauty" X L. continentale 'Cardwell Pink'
       L. 'Cardwell' X L. 'Rh2annon ''Love Affair'
       Bywong Nursery. - L. scoparium nanum rubrum, L macrocarpa and L deuense 'Mesmer Eyes'
       Bywong Nursery. - L.morrisonii X L. settable .'Rudolph'
       Brevipes - *ANPS plant sale and local seed. Slender Tea-tree

     Callistemon - bottle brushes (propagation by seeds and cuttings)
       Callistemon citrinus 'Endeavour' syn’Splendens’
       Callistemon citrinus 'Wh2te Anzac' collected from a wild population on Anzac Cove, NSW. Nursery

     Darwinia
       citriodora - *ANPS plant sale. Lemon-scented Darwinia

Syzigium - lily pillies (propagation by cuttings)

paniculatum - edible fruits, cutting. Brush Cherry, Daguba (Cadigal)
australe - edible fruits, cutting. Brush Cherry

Proteaceae

   Grevillia(propagation by cuttings) Grevillea wilkinsonii.jpg
       aquifolia - nursery. Holly grevillea
       australis - nursery. Alpine Grevillea
       G.'Scarlet Sprite' X G. alpina.'Firecracker' - nursery.
       glabrata syn G. manglesii, cuttings
       iaspicula - nursery. Yass grevillia
       juniperina 'Molonglo Gold'
       G. 'Mt Tamboritha' x G. rosmarinifolia 'Lutea' x     G. alpina 'Gold Streak'. 'Lemon Daze’ - gift
       robusta -seed. Silky oak. (propagation by seeds)
       rosmarinafolia lutea - cuttings
       victoriae (Oak Leaf form) - cuttings
        ?victoriae (oxyantha) - cuttings
       victoriae ‘Murray Queen’- cuttings
       wilkinsonii- cuttings. Tumut Grevillia
       ‘Winpara Gem’ Cultivar (G. thelemanniana x G.         olivacea) - *ANPS plant sale

   Hakea (propagation by seeds)
       'Burrendong Beauty'
       decurrens - local seed, spiky leaves. Bushy Needlewood
       eriantha - local seed. Tree Hakea
       sericia (Pink) - seed, spiky leaves. Needlebush

>Rhamnaceae

   Pomaderris
       betulina - *ANPS plant sale. Birch Pomaderris
       intermedia - *ANPS plant sale. Tree Pomaderris

>Rutaceae

   Correa (propagation by cuttings)
       alba - *ANPS plant sale. Wh2te Correa
       baeuerlenii - cuttings. Chef's Cap Correa
       C. alba X C. backhousiana - *ANPS plant sale 'Ivory Bells'
       C. reflexa X C. backhousiana. ‘Marion's Marvel'
       C. reflexa X C.pulchella? 'Dusky Bells'
       decumbens - cuttings. Spreading Correa
        'Jezabell' -

        glabra (Red, green and yellow) - *ANPS plant sale. Rock Correa
       glabra 'Barossa Gold'
       pulchella
       pulchella 'Autumn Blaze'
       pulchella 'Little Cate'
       pulchella 'Pink Mist'
       reflexa X decumbens
       reflexa ‘Firebird’
       reflexa 'Skye Bells'
       reflexa 'Tucker Time® Mult Bella'™

   Boronia (propagation by seed and cuttings). Given the cold climate of the region. These Boronias are best treated as indoor pot plants.   Boronia algida grows in the Gibralta Rocks of the ACT and at h2gher altitudes in NSW.
       megastigma 'Heaven Scent'
       megastigma 'Lutea' - cuttings from Kambah

Citrus

'Red Centre Lime'

'Australian Sunrise Lime'

'Australian Red Lime'

    Crowea (propagation by seed and cuttings)
       exalata
       C. exalata 'Bindelong Compact'? - self seeded from a planted extant nursery plant
       C. exalata x C. saligna,'Festival'- nursery plant and cuttings
       C. exalata 'Ginninderra Falls’- *ANPS plant sale
       C. exalata 'Southern Stars’ - nursery plant and cuttings.
       C. exalata 'Wh2te Stars’ - nursery plant.

Ph2lotheca (propagation by cuttings)
myoporoides -nursery, cuttings. Long-leaf Wax Flowers

Sapindaceae (propagation by seeds and cuttings. Best to propagate form female plants as the fruit is very colourful )

   Dodonaea (Best to propagate from female plants as the fruit is very colourful )
       viscosa ssp. angustissima - local seed, cuttings. Slender Hop-bush
       viscosa ssp. spatulata? - *ANPS plant sale. Sticky Hop-bush

Scrophulariaceae (propagation by cuttings)

Derwentia (now Veronica)
perfoliata - *ANPS plant sale. Digger’s Speedwell.

   Myoporum
       acuminatum? 'Monaro Marvel
       bateae - readily self seeds. Bates Boobialla
       floribundum - cuttings. Slender Myoporum
       parvifolia - nursery, cuttings. Creeping Myoporum, Creeping Boobialla

Solanaceae

   Solanum (propagation by seeds)
       laciniatum - Tasmanian seed. Large Kangaroo Apple
       linearifolium - local seed. Mountain Kangaroo Apple
       Solanum sp. aff. cinereum - native to area, self seeded. Narrawa Burr

>Sterculiaceae

   Brachych2ton (propagation by seeds)
       populneus - seed. Kurrajong
       rupestri or populneus subsp. trilobus - seed. Kurrajong

Xanthorrhoeaceae

   Dianella (propagation by seeds and division)
       longifolia - nursery and division. Blueberry Lily, Blue Flax-Lily
       revoluta ‘Little Rev’
       revoluta - local, division. Blueberry Lily, Blue Flax-Lily
       tasmanica - local, division. Tasman Flax-lily
   Xanthorrhoea (seeds only)
       preissii? - Grass tree from WA, a seedling gift

>Sylidaceae

Stylidium (propagation by seeds, mature plants by division)
graminifolium

Zamiaceae (propagation by seeds only)

Macrozamia
communis - seed, in pots. Burrawang

Grasse S (Poaceae)

(propagation by seeds and division)

   Poa
       helmsii - local seed, seed and division. Broad-leaved Snowgrass
       induta - local seed, seed and division
       labillardieri - local seed, seed and division. Common or River Tussock Grass, Snow grass.
       labillardieri ‘Eskdale’- seed and division. Tussock Grass. Plant subject to PBR

       morrisii - seed and division. Soft or Velvet Tussock Grass
       sieberiana - local seed, seed and division. Common Tussock Grass, Snow grass.

Themeda
triandra - local seed, seed and division. Kangaroo grass. (see online article

Kangaroo grass (Themeda triandra): Raising from Seed)

   Austrodanthonia
       monticola - *ANPS plant sale, seed and division. Wallaby Grass
       carphoides - *ANPS plant sale, seed and division. Short Wallaby Grass
       racemosa - local seed.

Australopyrum sp - local seed and division

   Austrostipa
       scabra ssp falcata - local seed and division. Spear Grass
       verticillata - *ANPS plant sale and division. Slender Bamboo Grass

Ferns

(propagation by spores, division, bulblets)

Dicksoniaceae

Dicksonia
antarctica - free aquistition from an donated source. Soft Tree-fern, Brown Tree-fern

Aspleniaceae (spleenworts) (propagation by spores and bulbils)

Asplenium
bulbiferum - from Nursery. Mother Spleenwort

>Adiantaceae (propagation by spores. Easier by division)

   Cheilanth2es
       seiberi - local seed and division. Resurrection Fern
   Pallaea
       falcata. - local spores. Sickle Fern

>Blechnaceae

Blechnum (propagation by spore. Easier by division )
nudum? - nursery. Fishbone Water Fern

Dryopteridaceae

Polystichum proliferum - *ANPS plant sale
Common name: Mother Sh2eld Fern

Cuumbuen Australian Native Plant Nursery and Landcaping

Bill Willis
24 Severne St, Queanbeyan NSW

'Creating' Native Gardens

Garden Plant List 1984-2012

Lilies